What This Loan Defeasance Calculator Does
| Feature | Description |
|---|
| Defeasance Types | Standard Defeasance, Make-Whole Call, Yield Maintenance |
| Prepayment Penalty | None, Step-Down (Declining), Fixed (5%) |
| Loan Parameters | Original amount, current balance, interest rate, remaining term |
| Treasury Rate | Current rate for comparable maturity government bonds |
| Spread Calculation | Loan rate minus treasury rate |
| Defeasance Cost | Present value of remaining payments at the treasury rate |
| Legal/Admin Fees | Typical $15,000-25,000 for defeasance process |
| Payment Schedule | Shows remaining payments with PV calculations |
Defeasance vs Other Prepayment Methods
| Method | Description | Typical Cost |
|---|
| Defeasance | Substitute government bonds as collateral | PV of payments + fees |
| Yield Maintenance | Prepayment penalty maintaining lender yield | ~Spread × Balance × Years |
| Make-Whole Call | PV of remaining interest payments | Larger than defeasance |
| Fixed Prepayment | Straight percentage penalty | 1-5% of balance |
| Step-Down | Declining penalty over time | Starts high, decreases |
Key Formulas
| Calculation | Formula |
|---|
| Monthly Payment | P = L × [r(1+r)^n] / [(1+r)^n – 1] |
| Defeasance Cost | PV = PMT × [1 – (1+r)^-n] / r |
| Yield Maintenance | YM = Balance × (Loan Rate – Treasury) × (Years Remaining) |
| Make-Whole | MW = PV of remaining interest payments |
Example Calculation
Loan: $10M, 5.5% rate, 4 years remaining, 4.25% treasury
| Component | Amount |
|---|
| Monthly Payment | ~$55,000 |
| Defeasance Cost (PV) | ~$2,480,000 |
| Legal/Admin Fees | $15,000 |
| Total Defeasance Cost | ~$2,495,000 |
| Prepayment Penalty (5%) | $500,000 |
| Savings vs Prepayment | ~$0 (depends on terms) |
Defeasance Process Steps
| Step | Description | Timeline |
|---|
| 1 | Review loan documents | 1-2 weeks |
| 2 | Engage qualified intermediary | 1 week |
| 3 | Purchase government securities | 2-3 weeks |
| 4 | Legal documentation | 2-3 weeks |
| 5 | Assignment and release | 1-2 weeks |
| Total | | 6-10 weeks |
When to Use Defeasance
| Scenario | Recommendation |
|---|
| CMBS Loan | Almost always defeasance |
| Portfolio Loan | May allow prepayment |
| Interest rates rising | Defeasance cheaper |
| Interest rates falling | Prepayment may be better |
| Selling property | Defeasance required |
Costs Included
| Cost Item | Typical Amount |
|---|
| Legal Fees | $10,000 – $15,000 |
| Defeasance Consultant | $5,000 – $10,000 |
| Accounting Fees | $2,000 – $5,000 |
| Broker Fees | $2,500 – $5,000 |
| Recording Fees | $500 – $1,500 |
| Total | $20,000 – $36,500 |
How to Use
- Enter Loan Information — original amount, current balance, interest rate, remaining term
- Select Defeasance Type — Standard, Make-Whole, or Yield Maintenance
- Select Prepayment Penalty — None, Step-Down, or Fixed
- Enter Treasury Rate — current rate for comparable maturity
- Enter Defeasance Date — when you plan to defease
- Add Legal/Admin Fees — typical $15,000-25,000
- View Results — total defeasance cost, savings vs prepayment
Key Differences
| Feature | Defeasance | Prepayment |
|---|
| Collateral | Government bonds | Cash |
| Process Time | 6-10 weeks | 2-4 weeks |
| Costs | PV of payments + fees | Penalty + fees |
| CMBS Loans | Required | Usually prohibited |
| Complexity | High | Low |
Keyboard Shortcuts
Ctrl/Cmd + Enter — RecalculateCtrl/Cmd + R — Reset to defaults